ABSTRACT
Recent studies have found that the brain-gut-microbiome axis(BGMA)is closely related to the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease(AD). BGMA can affect AD in various aspects such as neuro-immune regulation and intestinal microflora, and is a potential new target for the treatment of AD.The "Sanjiao" acupuncture method is proposed by professor Han Jingxian, a famous Chinese medicine practitioner, based on his theory of "dysfunction of Qi activity of Sanjiao leads to aging" , and has been widely used in the treatment of AD and other age-related diseases in clinical practice.This article reviews the theory of "dysfunction of Qi activity of Sanjiao leads to aging" and the relationship between the "Sanjiao" acupuncture method and BGMA, with the hope that the "San Jiao" acupuncture method can become a new target for treatment of AD in the future.
ABSTRACT
Dozens of genes are associated with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) and an oligogenic etiology has been suggested. However, the associated genes may account for only approximately 50% cases. In addition, a genomic systematic pedigree analysis is still lacking. Here, we conducted whole exome sequencing (WES) on 18 unrelated men affected by IHH and their corresponding parents. Notably, one reported and 10 novel variants in eight known IHH causative genes (AXL, CCDC141, CHD7, DMXL2, FGFR1, PNPLA6, POLR3A, and PROKR2), nine variants in nine recently reported candidate genes (DCAF17, DCC, EGF, IGSF10, NOTCH1, PDE3A, RELN, SLIT2, and TRAPPC9), and four variants in four novel candidate genes for IHH (CCDC88C, CDON, GADL1, and SPRED3) were identified in 77.8% (14/18) of IHH cases. Among them, eight (8/18, 44.4%) cases carried more than one variant in IHH-related genes, supporting the oligogenic model. Interestingly, we found that those variants tended to be maternally inherited (maternal with n = 17 vs paternal with n = 7; P = 0.028). Our further retrospective investigation of published reports replicated the maternal bias (maternal with n = 46 vs paternal with n = 28; P = 0.024). Our study extended a variant spectrum for IHH and provided the first evidence that women are probably more tolerant to variants of IHH-related genes than men.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the etiology of chylothorax by analyzing the clinical data of one patient with chylothorax and combining with the review of relative literatures,and to improve the ability of clinicians for understanding the rare etiology of chylothorax.Methods:A young female with cough,chest pain and dyspnea as the first symptom was admitted to the hospital.Left lymph node enlargement in the neck of the patient was found in examination and bilateral pleural effusion was found in chest CT scanning.After puncture drainage and testing,the pleural effusion was confirmed the chylothorax.Since the examinations for common causes of chylothorax produced negative results,the patient was eventually diagnosed as infectious chylothorax.The patient received anti-infective therapy for 5 d.Results:After treatment,the symptoms of the patients were improved obviously;the pleural effusion disappeared,and the lymph nodes in the neck were shrink detected with chest color ultrasound.One month after follow-up,all the symptoms,enlarged lymph nodes and pleural effusion were recovered.There was no abnormity in chest CT.Conclusion:The possibility of infection should be considered in clinic for the patients with atypical chylothorax and anti-infective treatment should be performed in order to avoid the failed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the etiology of chylothorax by analyzing the clinical data of one patient with chylothorax and combining with the review of relative literatures, and to improve the ability of clinicians for understanding the rare etiology of chylothorax. Methods: A young female with cough, chest pain and dyspnea as the first symptom was admitted to the hospital. Left lymph node enlargement in the neck of the patient was found in examination and bilateral pleural effusion was found in chest CT scanning. After puncture drainage and testing, the pleural effusion was confirmed the chylothorax. Since the examinations for common causes of chylothorax produced negative results, the patient was eventually diagnosed as infectious chylothorax. The patient received anti-infective therapy for 5 d. Results: After treatment, the symptoms of the patients were improved obviously; the pleural effusion disappeared, and the lymph nodes in the neck were shrink detected with chest color ultrasound. One month after follow-up, all the symptoms, enlarged lymph nodes and pleural effusion were recovered. There was no abnormity in chest CT. Conclusion: The possibility of infection should be considered in clinic for the patients with atypical chylothorax and anti-infective treatment should be performed in order to avoid the failed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical effect,safety,and value of bronchofibroscopeguided bronchoalveolar lavage and topical antibiotics in the treatment of pediatric patients with severe pneumonia.Methods A total of 60 patients with severe pneumonia was randomly divided into two groups with 30 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated with conventional anti-infection therapy,while patients in the treatment group were treated with bronchofibroscope-guided bronchoalveolar lavage and topical antibiotics on the basis of conventional therapy.The sputum positive rate,clinical effect,hospital stays,treatment costs,and adverse reactions were compared to analyze its value.Results The total effective rate of treatment group was 93.3％,which was significantly higher than that (60.0％) in the control group (P ＜0.01).The sputum positive rate of treatment group was 80.0％,which was significantly higher than that (43.3％) in the control group (P ＜0.01).The hospital stays and the treatment costs of the treatment group were both significantly less than those in control group (P ＜0.01 orP ＜0.05).No serious complications were found in patients of the treatment group.Conclusions Bronchofibroscope-guided bronchoalveolar lavage and topical antibiotics in the treatment of pediatric patients with severe pneumonia show exactly clinical effects and significant improvement in dyspnea,which shortens the hospital stays,reduces the treatment costs,and has no seriously adverse reactions.Therefore,it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Extraction methods of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells are inconsistent in the number of cells. OBJECTIVE:To explore the optimal method to in vitro isolate and culture human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Under sterile conditions, ful-term cesarean fetal amniotic membrane was cut into pieces, then to isolate human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells by seven methods in four experiments. In experiment 1, human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells were isolated by the fol owing three methods:(1) 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 10 minutes fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes;(2) 0.75 g/L col agenase I for 120 minutes;(3) co-digestion with 0.05 g/L trypsin and 0.75 g/L col agenase for 60 minutes. In experiment 2, the samples were digested with 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 30 minutes fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 30 minutes. In experiment 3, the samples were digested by two methods:(1) 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 30 minutes×2, fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes;(2) 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 40 minutes×2, fol owed by 0.75 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes. In experiment 4, the samples were digested with 0.05 g/L trypsin digestion for 30 minutes×2, fol owed by 1 g/L col agenase digestion for 60 minutes. Fol owing morphology observation under a microscope, we studied the most suitable method for isolating human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Digestion with 0.05 g/L trypsin for 30 minutes twice fol owed by 1 g/L of col agenase digestion of 60 minutes was the most suitable isolation and culture condition in vitro. cells became elongated fusiform or star-shaped with rich cytoplasm, and nuclei were round with 1-3 nuts. We can harvest the most number of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells using the method described in experiment 4.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical efficacy of integrative Chinese and Western medicine in treating Tourette syndrome (TS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety children with TS were randomized into two groups by randomizing: digital table method: the 60 patients in the treated group were treated by Ningdong Granule (NDG) plus haloperidol, and the 30 in the control group treated by haloperidol alone. The course for both groups was 6 months. Conditions of the patients were estimated before and after treatment with Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), the short-term efficacy, adverse reaction of treatment were assessed at the end of treatment, and the long-term efficacy as well as the recurrent rate were evaluated half a year after the treatment was ended.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 60 patients in the treated group, the treatment on 36 was evaluated as remarkably effective, 21 as effective, and 3 as ineffective, the total effective rate being 95.0% (57/60), while of the 30 patients in the control group, the corresponding data were 9, 13, 8 and 73.3% (22/30), respectively, differences between groups in markedly effective rate and total effective rate were statistically significant (chi(2)=7.20, and chi(2)=6.85, P<0.01). The improvement on the condition of illness, motor tic and vocal tic, as well as the long-term efficacy of treatment were all better in the treated group than in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The incidence of adverse reaction and the recurrent rate in the treated group were 13.3% (8/60) and 8.3% (5/60) respectively, all were lower than those in the control group, 36.7% (11/30) and 43.3 (13/30), showing statistical significances (P<0.05 and P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Integrative medical treatment on TS was markedly effective in clinical practice with less adverse reaction and lower recurrent rate.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Antipsychotic Agents , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Haloperidol , Integrative Medicine , Methods , Recurrence , Severity of Illness Index , Tics , Drug Therapy , Epidemiology , Tourette Syndrome , Drug Therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
To obtain water-soluble holothurian glycosides with high tumor suppressing activities from Apostichopus japonicus, macroporous resin, silica gel and gel-filtration column chromatograghy were used to purify the water-soluble holothurian glycosides, and their tumor suppressing activity and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells were examined in this study. The 70% ethanol fraction of macroporous resin column, the pSC-2 and pSC-3 fractions from silica gel column showed very strong tumor suppressing activity towards HeLa cells, A-549 lung cancer cells, SGC-7901 stomach cancer cells and Bel-7402 liver cancer cells. SC-2 and SC-3 fraction purified from Sephadex LH-20 gel-filtration column chromatography, with a purity above 99.6%, all had the properties of triterpenoid glycosides. Purified SC-2 fraction had remarkable tumor suppressing activity on HeLa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and had prominent tumor suppressing activity to mouse S180 solid tumors in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, the SC-2 fraction also had remarkable ability in elevating mouse thymus index and spleen index. The purified SC-2 fraction could induce apoptosis of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner, and DNA fragmentation of HeLa cells occurred after treated 12 h with 10 mg x L(-1) and 50 mg x L(-1) of SC-2 fractions. From the results, it can be concluded that the purified SC-2 fraction of water-soluble holothurian glycosides has extremely strong tumor suppressing activity, and the suppression is realized by inducing tumor cells to undergo apoptosis. This study lays solid foundation for development of highly effective new natural anticancer agents from sea cucumbers.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Antineoplastic Agents , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glycosides , Pharmacology , HeLa Cells , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Neoplasm Transplantation , Random Allocation , Sarcoma 180 , Pathology , Stichopus , Chemistry , Tumor BurdenABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the characteristics of TCM syndromes of Tourette syndrome (TS) to find out the basis for its TCM treatment. Methods Based on the preliminary studies,the TCM syndrome scale of TS is designed to investigate the general data,main symptoms and syndromes of 126 cases of TS children to find out the frequency of each syndrome. Results Of the 126 TS cases,97 were males,accounting for 77%; the average age was 8.31 years; and 32 had a positive family history,accountting for 25.4%. In the tic behavior,the facial twitching and limb twitching occupied 91.6% of the muscular stereotyped tic. In the vocal behavior,the throat and nasal sound occupied 42.1%. In the accompanied symptoms,the inattention occupied 69.8%. In the personality offset,the willfulness occupied 49.2%,irritable hyperactivity occupied 78.6%,and silence occupied 7.1%. More than 50% of the patients had red or dark red tongue with thick or sticky coating. Nearly 70% of them had string-taut or rolling pulse. As for the syndromes,heart-liver deficiency with deficiency wind stirred up,and liver-kidney yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity stirring up wind were common,being 41.3% and 34.1% respectively. Conclusion TS takes the heart-liver deficiency with deficiency wind stirred up and liver-kidney yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity stirring up wind as the common syndromes. The basic treating principle is enriching yin and reducing yang,and smoothing the liver to stop wind. At the same time,reinforcing the spleen and nourishing the heart,and dissolving phlegm and enlightening the brain should be applied for treatment.